Bedlam was written by Lewton under the pen-name Carlos Keith. Lewton took his inspiration from one of the engravings in William Hogarth’s A Rake’s Progress (1735) series. The series of engravings satirically tells the story of a libertine who stumbles through all walks of British life, which are depicted as equally debauched and lunatic. The final of Hogarth’s eight prints was entitled Bedlam in which Hogarth went into the real-life historical asylum of the same name and drew what he saw. (The word ‘bedlam’, which has gone on to enter the English language to mean madness or cacophony, was bastardized from the name of the priory the asylum building used to exist as – St Mary’s of Bethlehem).

Director Mark Robson had previously made The Ghost Ship, The Seventh Victim and Isle of the Dead for Lewton. Robson goes a long way towards creating sympathy for the inmates in a number of extraordinary set-pieces – the eerie card game played with imaginary money; or the dinner-party, which must have surely have inspired Ian Fleming for the famous scene in Goldfinger (1964), where a gilt-painted boy recites before nobles and is ignored as he expires; and the scene where Anna Lee is placed in a cell with a strangely deferential maddened killer. Boris Karloff’s performance as the cruel and taunting Master Apothecary is a fine one and Anna Lee is good as Nell. With a complex blend of literary metaphors and historical analysis, this is arguably one of the finest written and most overlooked of the Val Lewton films.

The idea of a remake has been bounced around in the 1990s – intriguingly, Martin Scorsese was to have one point produced with Alison MacLean, best known for Jesus’s Son (1999), in the director’s chair.
 

Clip from the film here:-